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Buldhana

Buldhana is a district in the Amravati division of Maharashtra state in western India at the westernmost border of Vidarbha region and is 500 km from the state capital, Mumbai.

The district consists of five subdivisions and thirteen blocks.The district Head Quarters is at Buldhana. The distances of the other major towns from Buldhana is Aurangabad ( 180 KM ), Pune ( 425 KM ), Amravati ( 200 KM ), Nagpur ( 350 KM ).

The district is mainly covered in Survey of India topographic Sheet No. 55D/8 partly in 46P and 56 A & lies between 19°51' to 21°17' North latitude and 75°57' to 76°49' East Longitude.

This district is a major tourist attraction owing to the ancient Lonar crater (second largest in the world), declared a world heritage. Shegaon of Gajanan Maharaj Sailanibaba's Dargah are the major places of pilgrimage. Sindakhedraja in this district is renowned to be birthplace of Rajmata Jeejabai.

The district has major industrial areas at Khamgoan and Malkapur and has mini industrial areas at Chikhli, Buldhana, Dasarkhed, Deoulgaonraja, Mehkar, Sangrampur and Lonar.

The name of the district is derived probably from Bhil Thana (place of Bhils, a tribal group).

History of Buldhana

Buldhana, along with the rest of Berar Province, was part of the kingdom of Vidarbha mentioned in the Mahabharata, a Sanskrit epic poem. Berar formed part of the Mauryan Empire during the reign of Asoka (272–231 BCE). Berar came under the rule of the Satavahana dynasty (2nd century BCE–2nd century CE), the Vakataka dynasty (3rd to 6th centuries), the Chalukya dynasty (6th to 8th centuries), the Rashtrakuta dynasty (8th to 10th centuries), the Chalukyas again (10th to 12th centuries), and finally the Yadava dynasty of Devagiri (late 12th to early 14th centuries). A period of Muslim rule began when Ala ud din Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, conquered the region in the early 14th century. The region was part of the Bahmani Sultanate, which broke away from the Delhi Sultanate in the mid-14th century. The Bahmani Sultanate broke up into smaller sultanates at the end of the 15th century, and in 1572 Berar became part of the Nizam Shahi sultanate, based at Ahmednagar. The Nizam Shahis ceded Berar to the Mughal Empire in 1595. As Mughal rule started to unravel at the start of the 18th century, Asaf Jah I, Nizam of Hyderabad, seized the southern provinces of the empire (including Berar) in 1724, forming an independent state.

In 1853, the district, together with the rest of Berar, came under the administration of the British East India Company. Berar was divided into East and West Berar with Buldhana district being included in West Berar. In 1903, Berar was leased by the Nizam of Hyderabad to the British Government of India.

Some historical events

* 1437: Nasir Khan Faruqi, ruler of Khandesh, invaded Berar. A battle was fought at Rohinkhed with Khalif Hasan Basri, governor of Daulatabad, for Aladdin Ahmad Shah II Bahmani. Khan-i-Jahan, governor of Berar, was besieged in Narnala Fort. Nasir Khan lost the battle.
* 1590: The second battle at Rohinkhed took place between Burhan Nizam Shah and Jamal Kahn Mahdavi of Ahmednagar.
* 1600s: Veer Mata Jijabai, the mother of Chhatrapati Shivaji (founder of the Maratha Empire, was born at Sindkhed Raja, at the Palace of Lakhuji Jadhav.
* 1724: The battle of Sakharkheda–Fathkhelda: Asaf Jah defeated Mubariz Khan, governor of Malwa representing the Mughal Empire, and becomes Nizam of Hyderabad.[3]
* 1761: Malkpur pays money to Raghunathrao Peshwa for exception.[clarification needed]
* 1729: Gates erected in Malkapur town during the rule of Mali Khan.
* 1769: Madhav Rao Peshwa with minister of Nizam encamped at Mehkar to punish Janoji Bhonsle.[clarification needed]
* 1790: Dyers flee to Nandura from Pimpalgaon Raja due to depredations of Mahadaji Sindhia and Pendharis.
* 1803: Raghuji Bhonsle and Daulat Rao Sindhia meet the British envoy near Malkapur.
* 1841: Mongal Rao plants flags of Maratha Bhonsla on the walls of Jamod.
* 1863: Great Indian Peninsula Railway line opened.
* 1878: Gajanan Maharaj was found on a street in Shegaon.
* 1881: Municipal council established in Shegaon.
* 1930: Municipal council established in Chikhli.
* 1931: Municipal council established in Nandura.

The district lies in the Tapti River and Godavari River basins. Purna River is a tributary of the Tapti River while the Penganga and Kadakpurna Rivers are tributaries of Godavari River.

Here are some of the rivers in Buldhana, with their tributaries.

* Purna River
o Vaan River
o Mann River
o Utawali River
o Nipani River
o Mas River
o Bordi River
o River Dnyanganga
o Vishwaganga River
o Nalganga River
* Penganga River
* Kadakpurna River
* Dhamana River