Gondia
Gondia district (Marathi: गोंदिया जिल्हा), also known as Gondiya district, is an administrative district in the state of Maharashtra in India. The district headquarters are located at Gondia (Gondiya). The district occupies an area of 5,431 km² and has a population of 1,200,707 of which 11.95% were urban (as of 2001). The district is part of Nagpur Division.
This district was carved out of Bhandara district in 1999.
Gondia is also known as Rice City, as it is a rice producing district and has about 250 rice mills near the vicinity of city. it is also a major trading place. The Bombay-Nagpur-Calcutta Road is the only national highway passing through the district, which covers to a total distance of 99.37 km. Gondia has bus connectivity to Jabalpur, Nagpur and Balaghat.
The district is divided into 2 sub-divisions, Gondia and Deori which are further divided into 8 talukas. Each sub-division consists of 4 talukas. The Gondia sub-division consists of Gondia, Goregaon, Tirora and Arjuni Moregaon talukas while Deori sub-division consists of Deori, Amgaon, Salekasa and Sadak Arjuni talukas. The district consists 556 Gram panchayats, 8 Panchayat Samitis and 954 revenue villages. Two municiplities in this district are Gondia and Tiroda.
The district has 4 Vidhan Sabha constituencies: Arjuni-Morgaon (SC), Gondiya, Tirora and Amgaon (ST). While the first three are part of Bhandara-Gondiya Lok Sabha constituency, the last one is part of Gadchiroli-Chimur (ST) Lok Sabha constituency.
Gondia district was carved out by division of Bhandara district. Gondia district is situated on North-Eastern side of Maharashtra state having state borders of Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh.
The total population of the District is 1200151. The made and female population is 598447 and 601704 respectively. The SC and ST population in the district is 355484 and 309822. The literacy rate of district is 67.67%.
This is underdeveloped district and most of land is covered with forest. Paddy is main agriculture produce. The other agriculture produce in the district are Jawar, Linseed, wheat, tur. The main profession of people is farming.
There is no large scale industry in the entire district due to this district is economically backward. There are many rice mills in the district as paddy is the main agriculture produce here. Gondia city is popularly known as RICE CITY due to large number of rice mills.
The district is divided inot two subdivisions namely Gondia and Deori. Each subdivisiion has 4 talukas, 556 Grampanchayat 954 revenue villages exist in the district. The district area is divided into six legislative assembly constituencies namely Gondia, Tiroda, Goregaon, Amgaon, Lakhandur and Sakoli. Lakhandur and Sakoli constituencies has an area of Gondia and Bhadara district.
Basically district is divided into 8 talukas and 8 Panchayat Samiti. Only two mucipalities are existing at Gondia and Tiroda.
Wainganga river is the largest and most important river. Rivers like Bagh, Chulbandh, Gadhavi and Bavanthadi are the tributaries of river Vainganga.
People And Culture
The total population of district is 1200151 that includes 598447 males and 601704 females (as per census 2001). Density of Population is 247 per Sq.Km.
The population of schedule tribes is 309822 i.e. 14.70%. The population of schedule caste is 355484 i.e. 16.87%.
The tribals in the district have their own culture. They are used to perform the worships of their God "Persa Pen" and others. They do the dance "Rela" on auspicious occasions and when new crops come. Rela dance is popular dance among the tribals. The other dance is "Dhol" dance. Holi, Dashehara and Deewali are the main festivals of tribals. The tribal community is resides in the dense forest of District.
The other community peoples are having their own Festival such as Ganpati, Dashera, Diwali and Holi. In some area of the district, peoples are interested in playing a role in "Natak" or arranges the culture programes "Natak" after Diwali or on Festival days.
History
It is land of freedom fighters and Sant-Mahatmas. In the year 1818, Chimanaji Patel of Kamptha fought against British. Many people actively participate in freedom struggles with many eminent personalities like Vinoba Bhave, Mahatma Gandhi, Sundarlal Bahuguna and others.
How the Name Gondia
In ancient time, this region was ruled over by 'Gond' kings. The rich dense forest reflects in the culture of Gond people main business of that time was to collect lak from 'Palas' tree and 'Gum' from 'Babul' tree, Gum is called as 'Gond' in Hindi, hence the name. Evidence is gazetier written by R. V. Russel.
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